V2G (vehicle to grid, bidirectional charging)

What V2G is

V2G (vehicle to grid) is bidirectional charging applied to the electricity network: the car charges when energy is cheap and, when the grid needs it, returns part of what is in its battery. The idea is that thousands of parked cars act as one big energy store and their owners are paid for that service.

V2G and V2H

Both use bidirectional charging, but the energy goes to a different place:

• V2G: energy flows from the battery to the distributor’s network, with the idea that you are paid for it.
• V2H: energy flows from the battery to your home, as back-up in a power cut (outage) or to avoid buying power at expensive hours. It does not go out to the grid.

What you need

• A bidirectional charger, on DC with CCS Combo 2 (such as the Wallbox Quasar 2, 11.5 kW) or on AC with cars that support it.
• A compatible car: Nissan Leaf with CHAdeMO, Kia EV6 and EV9, Hyundai Ioniq 5 and 6, Volkswagen ID with the 77 kWh battery, Renault 5 on AC, Cupra Born and recent BYD models, among others.
• A smart meter and a dynamic tariff.

Where it stands in 2026

On 17 July 2026 the European Commission presented an action plan with a regulatory sandbox for V2G, and in Germany there are already offers with bonuses of up to 720 euros a year. In Spain, feeding the grid falls under the self-consumption rules (Royal Decree 244/2019) and there is still no specific payment for V2G.

What to do now

The practical step today is to prepare: size the circuit and board for a future bidirectional charger and choose upgradeable equipment. See bidirectional charging V2G and V2H and solar EV charging in Seville, Spain.