Glossary

Fibre optic broadband (fibra óptica, FTTH)

A very thin glass or plastic cable that carries data as pulses of light. With an FTTH connection the operator brings the fibre to a wall socket inside the home, where the router or ONT picks it up. In US English, fiber.

What fibra óptica is

Fibra óptica (fibre optic, fiber in the US) is a strand of glass finer than a hair through which data travels as light. Unlike copper, it barely loses signal with distance and is not affected by electrical interference, so it allows very high and stable speeds.

How fibre reaches your home

With an FTTH (fibre to the home) connection, the operator runs the fibre from its network to the building. In blocks with an ICT it comes in through the lower telecoms room, goes up the shared riser and reaches each flat (apartment). Inside the home it ends in a small box, the optical wall socket (roseta óptica), which the router plugs into with a fibre patch lead.

In older buildings without ducting, the fibre sometimes runs up the façade or through light wells, and getting it into the flat may mean drilling a new entry.

Where the router goes

The position of the optical socket decides where the router sits, often a corner of the living room or the hallway. If the wifi does not reach the rest of the home, there are two options:

  • Ethernet cabling from the router to other rooms with RJ45 sockets.
  • Access points or a mesh wifi system linked by cable, for even coverage.

Wireless repeaters are the cheapest option, but also the one that loses most speed.

Looking after the fibre

  • Do not bend the patch lead sharply or step on it: the fibre breaks.
  • Do not move the optical socket yourself; the operator or an installer does that.
  • Keep the router ventilated, outside closed cupboards.

As a guide, an installed access point costs 80 to 250 euros plus VAT. See data cabling in Seville, Spain.

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